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Beijing ivory carving art

OHTN2017-10-14Wes lee

Ivory white, fine and glossy, with a natural and elegant texture, hard and full of toughness, not easy to crack, handicraft processing is good material. Our ancestors in ancient times had been acquainted with the beauty of the material, the ivory carved into exquisite jewelry and artifacts.

China's art of ivory carving has a long history, Yuyao Hemudu Neolithic sites, Sichuan Wushan Dasi culture tombs, cultural sites, Shandong, Guangdong Foshan river rocks late Neolithic ruins, etc. have unearthed a beautiful ivory carvings, indicates ago 5000--7000 years ago, Neolithic, our ancient ancestors lived on the vast land of ivory products already in use, as the original ritual and witchcraft cult is, and has been Loudiao, carved lines, inlaid precious stones called sophisticated technology, compared with other Chinese cultural year both have a very clear convergence of strong independence. Hemudu unearthed (1973) of ivory bird-shaped dagger, Two Birds sunrise carved ivory plaques, the circular pattern ivory silk, ivory butterfly, etc., it represents 7,000 years ago Hemudu people's religious beliefs and worship of the sun's natural .

Beijing ivory carving art

- China's ivory Art -

Shang Dynasty fifteen century BC, its rule is very broad area, was the largest country in the world, in various industries in society has increased greatly, handicraft division of labor is very small, the production process is very sophisticated, created So far we are still all kinds of arts and crafts appreciation, art history and world culture in the history of our craft, it occupies an extremely important position. In the handicraft production of the Shang Dynasty in ivory products processing has a larger scale. There is large-scale workshop a dental bone in Zhengzhou Shang Dynasty ruins found in Zijin, which has a variety of bone and ivory, as well as a large number of processing tools. In 1976, Fu Hao Yin Ruins in Anyang excavations have yielded funerary objects unearthed in 1928, there are bronzes, jade, stone, bone, ivory, pottery, mussels, etc., including the famous ivory carving Kui turquoise inlay cup, Pan with a stream tiger Cup, its exquisite processing technology still makes today's ivory masters praiseworthy. Shang not only material selection, cutting materials, materials, mosaic process has been very mature, and more detailed patterns carved imitation bronze, and carved tooth uniform solid lines, smooth, dignified, solemn style, has a strong sense of mystery.

Ivory carving has been listed as "hundreds of hands" in the "eight timber" (beads, teeth, jade, stone, wood, metal, leather, feather), one of ivory as it developed into the Zhou Dynasty monarchs and nobles become a symbol of power, status, wealth goods, the production process also pursue more delicate, fine.

Warring States era of great change politics in ancient China, although the war continued between the vassal state, but the rapid development of social production, academic thought active, contending situation contributed to the development of the handicraft industry, variety and has the innovation process of ivory, teeth MFG developed by the influence of jade and bronze made at that time. Artisans make full use of ivory delicate texture, easy sanding characteristics, carving out intricate ornamentation, so as to achieve the artistic effect similar to the jade and bronze. At that time the artist has been able to carve out the ivory immersive mulberry leaf ivory, ivory gradually evolved from a ritual sacrifice to the ornamental products and high-end real products, and further evolved into commodities. Xun Zi's "kingship articles" on the record the fact that ivory products at the time of the sale of six countries Rhyme.

Han Dynasty ivory products are mainly real products and supplies two types of healers alchemy monasticism, and developed technology will be made thin strips of soft ivory. Han Dynasty jade stone and is very well developed, a great impact on the ivory, the use of lines and carved bas-relief approach, simple lines, abstract, expressive. 1968's Hebei unearthed ivory and ivory spoon carved ivory carving of tiger board is representative of this period.

Three Kingdoms Northern and Southern Dynasties is the upheaval after the demise of the Han Dynasty, the Great Schism, big war era, people to escape the war and moved on, and promote economic and cultural exchanges between the peoples of ivory craft also had a certain impact. When Jin, ivory became a symbol of official position grade, "five miscellaneous ZU" had written: "hairpin, the woman not just for decoration, ancient men are wearing it, ......, disabilities bone, like the doctor in order to cover this the hairpin ears. "and has been extended to the Tang Dynasty, there has been dyeing process. West of Beijing in 1965 excavated a tomb in the Western Jin Dynasty unearthed an ivory ruler with scale precise, smooth lines, both practical, and ornamental, is a rare ivory carving fine Western Jin Dynasty.

58 objects in 1982, the eastern suburbs of Xi'an Beach Kuo Sui Dynasty tomb unearthed in Roda, there are two-tooth: ivory and ivory hook Wat, are carved from single piece of ivory.

Thereafter, the ivory after the DPRK generations, gradually into folk, carving techniques become more mature, and more widely used.

Tang Dynasty emperor through several generations of good governance, after the "Golden Years" and "Kaiyuan Golden Age", the economy and culture of feudal society into a peak, handicraft production also has great progress, regardless of the scale of production, or product categories are is unmatched by any previous dynasty, the tooth is made carving industry has also been a new breakthrough, appeared in this period specific techniques - pulling Lou. The first method is a dental molding is dyed, and then finely carved out of a variety of patterns, where it reveals the character carved ivory, and the dyed color against the background, very beautiful.

Song rulers adopted the policy of suppression Wu Yang Wen policy, although weak performance in the military, but its culture continued to develop and improve. With the improvement of the social productive forces, the port is open, is to import large quantities of raw materials ivory, ivory technology has been a big boost. In addition to the former generations have been traditional conventional jewelry, appliances, ivory palace Ting Wensi hospital also opened a workshop under the Road Development purely ornamental ivory products. It appeared hollow, double be rotatable ivory ball. "Ancient to be on the grid," contains: "taste ivory ball a barrel, in a straight-through orifices, within driving double, can rotate, that the ghost workers ball ......." In the frontier and minority regime in the North, Song craftsmen carved tooth is popular northerners, to become the most important trade commodities.

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