Beijing folk custom: The temple fair
Go is a traditional Chinese folk song and dance performances, mainly concentrated in the before and after the Spring Festival and the Lantern Festival, during the period of 1949 years ago in April the first lunar month every year to 15 to visit often, so also called fair in Beijing, as it will be after 1949.The walk in Beijing will begin in the Ming dynasty and be in the qing dynasty.It has become the most organized and enthusiastic street and dance performance in the annual festival or the festival of festivals and the temple fair of the mountain.
The participants of the walking meeting include: the actor (role), the special division performing various skills;In the meeting, the staff and all the people who were in charge of the business were divided into two different types of staff, namely, the staff, the cart, the master, the master and the master, and each of them had a master.The money is responsible for carrying out the luggage and cage, each will have a cage of four, each pair, the cage is decorated with gold lacquer, mainly for the use of walking and other objects;In the upper part of the triangular flag, embroidery will be called, the general flag is blue, the blue flag blue;Once in the palace, the emperor was sent to the emperor, yellow flag yellow.The cart will have a number of large cars for the actor.The bar will also perform more on the bus.Zhong and the change of the department of the department, specially in charge of making or carrying food and other matters.The priest's preparation for ritual, ritual, and pre-god application.
The main performances of the walking will include: kailu, yangko, wuhu, dry boat, Chinese flag, trolley, stilts, bar, lion, 10 times, taiping drum, etc.
The road will be at the front of the general assembly, with dance iron forklift.There's a bell on the fork and a dance.The walk-in was painted by the ancients, dressed in green satin, silk lace, waist-skirted skirt, and blue satin boots.In the exercise, besides the edge of the road, there are "cross - red", "cross - waist jade belt" and "dry land" and so on.Open road will be a form of every walk.
Yangko is the most popular form of walking, almost every meeting.Yangko in Beijing area, usually refers to the yangko dance without the high fever, so it is commonly known as the trampoline;There is also a kind of flower drum and a small copper coin called cymbals, but not much.Yangko has the role of fisherman (holding a fishing rod with fish basket), the woodcutter (also called chai wong, shoulder pole), tuo head monk (walker look), the second brother (the lad look, holding a basket of flowers, flowers in hand whip), jung drum (jung play childe, dozen small across the drum), ugly drum (ugly plays childe, dozen small across the drum), tuan gong (good play woman, a small hand rout), ugly gong (ugly play the woman, a small hand rout), fan (play the woman, a fan), wu fan (wu plays childe, a fan), fishing shiva and sell plasters (with white nose, holding a plaster flag or ChuanLing), a total of 12 people, if all play rehearsal, says our present.Each of the participants sang a yangko tune, and the final chorus was accompanied by a small cross drum and a small gong.Yangko tunes every four sentences, every seven words, the content is from the water margin, the eight fairy tales;Dance pose has "long tail", "black tiger is guyed" wait, accompany with different gong and drum.
The five-tiger stick is based on the story of the fight between zhao kuangyin and dong jia wuhu.The walkman has a floral face, a costume, a chipset and three sticks, playing doubles, groups and drums and drums.Various martial arts routines are prearranged and relatively simple.
The early vessel also called the drought-boat, with the bamboo piece into the outer cover of the green cloth in the shape of the boat, with the horns of a boat hook at the waist, singing and dancing;Another clown around white bridge of the nose to wear RanKou, beside the boat as sculling.Beijing's drought-boat was born of the singing and dancing of migrant workers who built the canal in its early years.
The Chinese flag is also called a flag;Flags and deacons.The flags are made of colored silk, with the words or patterns in the embroidery. The upper and lower ends are supported by the horizontal rod, which is attached to the top of a thick bamboo pole with a long length of three zhangs, and the top of the pole is also topped with a few large bells.There is an umbrella of the horizontal rod in the middle of the crude bamboo pole, which is composed of the above part.There are three lifts, three drops, arrows, arrows, elbow arrows, etc., which are accompanied by gongs and drums.The most difficult one is the tooth arrow.Since the jin dynasty, there have been "song of the song" in the jin dynasty, and the number of flags in the Ming and qing dynasties was mostly for the gong tingle, and the latter was introduced to the people.Before and after 1949, Beijing played the Chinese flag of the tianqiao veteran artists treasure 3 (bao shan Lin) and his disciples.
The small car will use bamboo pieces to grow the square frame, the outer cover color cloth, the two sides of the wheel, the top of the building, two handlebars;There was a handsome woman in the waist of the car, a pair of knee prosthetics.Behind the car, one of them dressed up as a rickshaw driver.The drills are similar to the dry ones, but the songs are more lively and interesting than the dry ones.
Stilts a traditional song and dance form with feet on stilts.There is a high score of stilts, about five feet tall and three feet short.To yangko stilts and the role of the same, our present are: tuo head monk (in each hand holding a stick each other, open in front of the team), the second brother (the lad look, a basket of flowers), silly pillars (ugly), old son (hua-po look), chai wong (shoulder pole), fisherman (with fish basket), tuan gong (small gong) of a good play woman, hand drum, ugly, ugly plays childe, dozen small across the drum), wu fan (ugly plays childe, holding a butterfly), fan (good play woman, holding a fan), fishing shiva, sell plasters (body take medicine gourd) 12 role;If 10 people appear, then remove the two corners, also have added green snake, white snake.The exercises are a series of small fields, with one leg jumping, throwing fork, su qin back sword, high stool, a sudoku bridge, and the folding of a man.
The bar box will be a semi-official and semi-private sector in the qing dynasty. The contents are mostly borrowed from the "borrowing rate".During the walkthrough, eight people carried out various dance movements carrying four large boxes with ring rings, sometimes jumping and making the box ring to be in sync.Then there was an official, dressed in a gauze cap, sitting on a bamboo pole with a big umbrella behind him.The audience can be arbitrary to sit on "sedan chair" "denied" voice grievances, "ye" officer right must be feeling or make a humorous answer, the audience can also and laughing "denied" self;The actor, dressed as a government official, shouted to the authorities and imitated the real palace.This will be practiced by six officials in the qing dynasty, using the public hall deacon of the department of civil affairs, which was mainly performed by folk and disappeared in the early 1930s.
A lion is a lion.The lion is divided into lion (lion) and lion (little lion).The lion was rehearsed by two people, and the lion was played by one man alone.The lion's "tomakai" is composed of two parts. The lion head is carved with wood, decorated with gold paint and decorated with colored ears and bells, and the mouth and eye can move.The lion's body is made of yellow or blue plain linen, stained with yellow or blue flax as a lion's hair.The walkthrough is played by two lions, which are left yellow and right blue.There are fewer lions, but they have to be even.Lion than all the other will be spectacular, very love for people, too lion paddle "lion" is the highlight of the performance of lion dances, Victoria, lie the fish, less puma hangs dragonfly, drill in anguo, difficulty is very big.Lion dance in han shu · reed volunteers 2 "has been recorded, and" five party lion dance "in the tang dynasty, song dynasty" the spring of the ancient philosophers play figure, "also has a lion dance, lion dance just to travel to Beijing in the qing dynasty folk.After the republic of China, a number of famous lions will be in Beijing, and the "lion of the two sluice" refers to the most famous of the two gates and the white paper fang lion.Since 1949, the lion dance has become more specialized, and the lion dance has become one of the traditional shows on the stage.
Ten times also known as the small deacons, is a walking band, the musicians in colorful embroidered clothing, multi-purpose silk bamboo Musical Instruments, playing elegant tunes;It is a complete set of songs, each of which has a brand name, such as "wind-blown butterfly" and "qing jiang".In the qing dynasty, in the qing dynasty, the book of the qing dynasty was celebrated in the qing dynasty.After the republic of China, ten vanished.
The taiping drum is also known as the drum, the prop is a kind of pu fan shaped with a single drum, the sheepskin side iron bars, the drum painted flowers and plants, the characters, etc., the drum frame is lined with the ball or the flower ear, the drum handle undergoes the small iron ring number.The walkman USES soft rattan whip side to beat and dance, the method has the front dozen, the opposite dozen, hit the side, the hand to hit the drum face, the hand to hit the drum handle, the vibrating iron ring and so on.The taiping drum was the plaything for children's Spring Festival, and the qing dynasty also had the custom of beating the drum. After the republic of China, the taiping drum became a walking meeting.In the Spring Festival of 1983, the taiping drum was performed in fengtai town, with the "big fan", "xiao fan", "fighting cock", "sandwich fence" and "wearing the hutong".
In addition to the above, there will be a bar, a jar, a rock lock, a fragrance of god.The prevalence of walking will be closely related to the traditional industry in Beijing.Beijing spread his tent industry drills lion much more special, because the tent maker in the whole process of booths, must use two legs to live Chinese fir, operated by hand, so you have to practice ability, working at height, the little lion has anguo drills "Victoria", "hangs dragonfly", "lie", such as routine, to show the power;Beijing's footwork, practice high school, land yangko;The bar box will, after the republic of the republic of China;Ten times would be done by a drummer.